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If you think you have rosacea, you should always see a dermatologist or doctor for a proper diagnosis.
Rosacea affects both men and women and most commonly occurs after the age of 30. From a global perspective, you can see that it is significantly more common to suffer from rosacea if you come from the northern parts of Europe.
Rosacea not only affects people physically but also mentally. New research shows that its psychosocial impact can be very serious and lead to social anxiety and depression. Interestingly, men tend to experience worse psychological effects than women.
The exact cause of rosacea is still unknown. Genetics seem to play a role, for example meaning that if your mother has rosacea, you are more likely to get it too. Rosacea has also been thought to be linked to immune system disorders and increased nerve sensitivity.
There are indications that rosacea patients have higher levels of Demodex mites (a type of parasite) living in the skin. We all have a number of mites in our skin and mites thrive, as many know, in both bedding and skin. Demodex mites can also live in our hair follicles and sebaceous glands. According to one theory, their feces trigger an inflammatory response in our skin.
There is also a medical connection between rosacea and autoimmune diseases such as diabetes, celiac disease (gluten intolerance) and rheumatism.
Skin care habits can also be a cause of rosacea. A large study showed that cleaning habits can influence the onset and progression of rosacea. Overcleansing appeared to be a major risk factor and we have written a summary article on this very interesting study here .
Psychological stress also appears to be a high contributing factor to rosacea. In fact, dermatologists in Sweden reported an increased number of rosacea cases in the spring of 2020, that is, during the covid19 pandemic. It is believed that the reason behind this increased incidence of rosacea is due to higher levels of psychological stress.
There is no cure for rosacea, but there are several treatments available. Today, the condition is often treated with antibiotics and topical medications that have anti-inflammatory properties. Many of those who suffer from more severe rosacea need to be prescribed treatment by a doctor. The main treatments are:
Treatments that reduce redness , such as brimonidine and oxymetazoline. These treatments reduce the blood supply to the skin, so the skin does not redden as much. Brimonidine is also used in eye drops to treat ocular rosacea.
Medicines against acne , for example azelaic acid and tretinoin. They are used to treat papulopustular rosacea. Exactly how these substances work is not fully understood, but it is believed that their anti-inflammatory properties help reduce the inflammation caused by rosacea.
Antibiotics such as metronidazole and tetracyclines. It is not known exactly why antibiotics affect rosacea, but one possible explanation is that antibiotics kill bacterial growth in the skin that could potentially be caused by mite feces.
Ivermectin , an insecticide that kills Demodex mites, is one of the newer treatments for rosacea.
The problems can worsen - tips and advice
What triggers a rosacea outbreak is individual, but for those of you who have rosacea, it can be good to know what can make the problems worse. The following factors can have a negative impact.
But also cold and windy weather
Like pregnancy, PMS, menstruation and menopause
Contains substances that can irritate the skin such as perfume, dyes or preservatives as well as certain sunscreens and cosmetics
If you have rosacea, you should avoid excessive sunbathing because it often worsens the disease. One should also be careful when washing the face and choose a gentle cleansing product for sensitive skin. Feel free to choose a moisturizer that is not too greasy and that is soothing, strengthening and that supports the skin's microbiome. All the moisturizers we developed are suitable for rosacea-prone skin, but it is important that you seek advice from a doctor if you have more serious problems.
Gillbro, J. (2019) The Skin Bible . Stockholm, Bookmark publisher.
Steinhoff, M., Schauber, J. & Leyden, JJ (2013) New insights into rosacea Dermatology. [Online] 69 (6), S15–S26. Available from: doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2013.04.045.
Li, G., Wang, B., Zhao, Z., Shi, W., et al. (2020) Excessive cleansing: an underestimating risk factor of rosacea in Chinese population. Archives of Dermatological Research. [Online] Available from: doi:10.1007/s00403-020-02095-w.
Van Zuuren, EJ, Fedorowicz, Z., Carter, B., Van Der Linden, MM, et al. (2015) Interventions for rosacea. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. [Online] Available from: doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003262.pub5.
Gillbro, JM, Lundahl, M., Westman, M., Baral, R., et al. (2015) Structural activity relationship analysis (SAR) and in vitro testing reveal the anti-aging potential activity of acetyl aspartic acid. International Journal of Cosmetic Science. [Online] 3715–20. Available from: doi:10.1111/ics.12253.